Bible Dictionary





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209 terms and definitions for "P"


Paarai

"Opening of the Lord, "the Arbite," one of David's heroes (2 Sam. "23:35); called also Naarai, 1 Chr. 11:37." ...

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Padan

"A plain, occurring only in Gen. 48:7, where it designates" Padan-aram. ...

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Padanaram

"The plain of Aram, or the plain of the highlands, (Gen. 25:20;" "28:2, 5-7; 31:18, etc.), commonly regarded as the district of" Mesopotamia (q.v.) lying around Haran. ...

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Pagiel

"God allots, a prince of the tribe of Asher (Num. 1:13), in the" wilderness. ...

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Pahathmoab

"Governor of Moab, a person whose descendants returned from the" Captivity and assisted in rebuilding Jerusalem (Ezra 2:6; 8:4; 10:30). ...

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Paint

"Jezebel "painted her face" (2 Kings 9:30); and the practice of" painting the face and the eyes seems to have been common (Jer. 4:30; Ezek. 23:40). An allusion to this practice is found in the name o ...

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Palace

"Used now only of royal dwellings, although originally meaning" "simply (as the Latin word palatium, from which it is derived," shows) a building surrounded by a fence or a paling. In the "Authorized ...

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Palestine

Originally denoted only the sea-coast of the land of Canaan "inhabited by the Philistines (Ex. 15:14; Isa. 14:29, 31; Joel" "3:4), and in this sense exclusively the Hebrew name Pelesheth" "(rendered ...

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Pallu

"Separated, the second son of Reuben (1 Chr. 5:3); called Phallu," Gen. 46:9. He was the father of the Phalluites (Ex. 6:14; Num. "26:5, 8)." ...

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Palm tree

"(Heb. tamar), the date-palm characteristic of Palestine. It is" "described as "flourishing" (Ps. 92:12), tall (Cant. 7:7)," upright (Jer. 10:5). Its branches are a symbol of victory "(Rev. 7:9). "Ri ...

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Palm trees The city of

"The name given to Jericho (q.v.), Deut. 34:3; Judg. 1:16; 3:13." ...

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Palmerworm

(Heb. gazam). The English word may denote either a caterpillar "(as rendered by the LXX.), which wanders like a palmer or" "pilgrim, or which travels like pilgrims in bands (Joel 1:4;" "2:25), the wi ...

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Palsy

"A shorter form of "paralysis." Many persons thus afflicted were" cured by our Lord (Matt. 4:24; 8:5-13; 9:2-7; Mark 2:3-11; Luke "7:2-10; John 5:5-7) and the apostles (Acts 8:7; 9:33, 34)." ...

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Palti

"Deliverance from the Lord, one of the spies representing the" tribe of Benjamin (Num. 13:9). ...

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Paltiel

"Deliverance of God, the prince of Issachar who assisted "to" "divide the land by inheritance" (Num. 34:26)." ...

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Paltite

The designation of one of David's heroes (2 Sam. 23:26); called also the Pelonite (1 Chr. 11:27). ...

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Pamphylia

"Paul and his company, loosing from Paphos, sailed north-west and" "came to Perga, the capital of Pamphylia (Acts 13:13, 14), a" province about the middle of the southern sea-board of Asia Minor. It ...

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Pan

A vessel of metal or earthenware used in culinary operations; a cooking-pan or frying-pan frequently referred to in the Old "Testament (Lev. 2:5; 6:21; Num. 11:8; 1 Sam. 2:14, etc.)." "The "ash-pans" ...

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Pannag

"(Ezek. 27:17; marg. R.V., "perhaps a kind of confection") the" Jews explain as the name of a kind of sweet pastry. Others take "it as the name of some place, identifying it with Pingi, on the" "road ...

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Paper

"The expression in the Authorized Version (Isa. 19:7), "the paper" "reeds by the brooks," is in the Revised Version more correctly" the meadows by the Nile. The words undoubtedly refer to a grassy pl ...

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Paphos

"The capital of the island of Cyprus, and therefore the residence" of the Roman governor. It was visited by Paul and Barnabas on their first missionary tour (Acts 13:6). It is new Paphos which "is he ...

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Parable

"(Gr. parabole), a placing beside; a comparison; equivalent to" "the Heb. mashal, a similitude. In the Old Testament this is used" "to denote (1) a proverb (1 Sam. 10:12; 24:13; 2 Chr. 7:20), (2)" "a ...

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Paradise

"A Persian word (pardes), properly meaning a "pleasure-ground" or" "park or "king's garden." (See [458]EDEN.) It came in course of" time to be used as a name for the world of happiness and rest "here ...

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Parah

"The heifer, a town in Benjamin (Josh. 18:23), supposed to be" "identical with the ruins called Far'ah, about 6 miles north-east" "of Jerusalem, in the Wady Far'ah, which is a branch of the Wady" Kel ...

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Paran

"Abounding in foliage, or abounding in caverns, (Gen. 21:21), a" desert tract forming the north-eastern division of the peninsula "of Sinai, lying between the `Arabah on the east and the" wilderness ...

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Paran Mount

Probably the hilly region or upland wilderness on the north of the desert of Paran forming the southern boundary of the Promised Land (Deut. 33:2; Hab. 3:3). ...

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Parbar

"(1 Chr. 26:18), a place apparently connected with the temple," "probably a "suburb" (q.v.), as the word is rendered in 2 Kings" 23:11; a space between the temple wall and the wall of the court; an o ...

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Parched ground

"(Isa. 35:7), Heb. sharab, a "mirage", a phenomenon caused by the" refraction of the rays of the sun on the glowing sands of the "desert, causing them suddenly to assume the appearance of a" beautifu ...

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Parchment

"A skin prepared for writing on; so called from Pergamos (q.v.)," where this was first done (2 Tim. 4:13). ...

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Pardon

"The forgiveness of sins granted freely (Isa. 43:25), readily" "(Neh. 9:17; Ps. 86:5), abundantly (Isa. 55:7; Rom. 5:20). Pardon" "is an act of a sovereign, in pure sovereignty, granting simply a" "r ...

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Parlour

"(from the Fr. parler, "to speak") denotes an "audience chamber," but that is not the import of the Hebrew word so rendered. It "corresponds to what the Turks call a kiosk, as in Judg. 3:20" "(the "s ...

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Parmashta

"Strong-fisted, a son of Haman, slain in Shushan (Esther 9:9)." ...

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Parmenas

"Constant, one of the seven "deacons" (Acts 6:5)." ...

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Parshandatha

"An interpreter of the law, the eldest of Haman's sons, slain in" Shushan (Esther 9:7). ...

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Parthians

Were present in Jerusalem at Pentecost (Acts 2:9). Parthia lay "on the east of Media and south of Hyrcania, which separated it" from the Caspian Sea. It corresponded with the western half of "the mod ...

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Partridge

"(Heb. kore, i.e., "caller"). This bird, unlike our own" "partridge, is distinguished by "its ringing call-note, which in" early morning echoes from cliff to cliff amidst the barrenness of the wilder ...

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Paruah

"Flourishing, the father of Jehoshaphat, appointed to provide" monthly supplies for Solomon from the tribe of Issachar (1 Kings 4:17). ...

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Parvaim

The name of a country from which Solomon obtained gold for the "temple (2 Chr. 3:6). Some have identified it with Ophir, but it" is uncertain whether it is even the name of a place. It may "simply, a ...

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Pasach

"Clearing, one of the sons of Japhlet, of the tribe of Asher (1" Chr. 7:33). ...

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Pasdammim

"The border of blood = Ephes-dammim (q.v.), between Shochoh and" Azekah (1 Sam. 17:1; 1 Chr. 11:13). ...

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Pashur

"Release. (1.) The son of Immer (probably the same as Amariah," "Neh. 10:3; 12:2), the head of one of the priestly courses, was" "chief governor [Heb. paqid nagid, meaning deputy governor"] of" "the ...

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Passage

"Denotes in Josh. 22:11, as is generally understood, the place" "where the children of Israel passed over Jordan. The words "the" "passage of" are, however, more correctly rendered "by the side" "of, ...

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Passion

"Only once found, in Acts 1:3, meaning suffering, referring to" the sufferings of our Lord. ...

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Passover

The name given to the chief of the three great historical annual festivals of the Jews. It was kept in remembrance of the Lord's passing over the houses of the Israelites (Ex. 12:13) when the first b ...

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Patara

A city on the south-west coast of Lycia at which Paul landed on "his return from his third missionary journey (Acts 21:1, 2)." "Here he found a larger vessel, which was about to sail across" the open ...

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Pathros

The name generally given to Upper Egypt (the Thebaid of the "Greeks), as distinguished from Matsor, or Lower Egypt (Isa." "11:11; Jer. 44:1, 15; Ezek. 30:14), the two forming Mizraim." "After the des ...

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Patmos

"A small rocky and barren island, one of the group called the" "Sporades, in the AEgean Sea. It is mentioned in Scripture only" "in Rev. 1:9. It was on this island, to which John was banished" "by th ...

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Patriarch

A name employed in the New Testament with reference to Abraham "(Heb. 7:4), the sons of Jacob (Acts 7:8, 9), and to David" (2:29). This name is generally applied to the progenitors of "families or "h ...

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Patrobas

A Christian at Rome to whom Paul sent salutations (Rom. 16:14). ...

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Pau

"(Gen. 36:39) or Pai (1 Chr. 1:50), bleating, an Edomitish city" ruled over by Hadar. ...

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Paul

#NAME? "circumcision-name was Saul, and probably the name Paul was also" "given to him in infancy "for use in the Gentile world," as" "Saul would be his Hebrew home-name. He was a native of Tarsus," ...

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Pavement

It was the custom of the Roman governors to erect their "tribunals in open places, as the market-place, the circus, or" even the highway. Pilate caused his seat of judgment to be set "down in a place ...

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Pavilion

"A tent or tabernacle (2 Sam. 22:12; 1 Kings 20:12-16), or" enclosure (Ps. 18:11; 27:5). In Jer. 43:10 it probably denotes the canopy suspended over the judgement-seat of the king. ...

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Peace offerings

"(Heb. shelamim), detailed regulations regarding given in Lev. 3;" "7:11-21, 29-34. They were of three kinds, (1) eucharistic or" "thanksgiving offerings, expressive of gratitude for blessings" "rece ...

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Peacock

"(Heb. tuk, apparently borrowed from the Tamil tokei). This bird" is indigenous to India. It was brought to Solomon by his ships "from Tarshish (1 Kings 10:22; 2 Chr. 9:21), which in this case" "was ...

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Pearl

"(Heb. gabish, Job 28:18; Gr. margarites, Matt. 7:6; 13:46; Rev." 21:21). The pearl oyster is found in the Persian Gulf and the "Red Sea. Its shell is the "mother of pearl," which is of great" value ...

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Peculiar

"As used in the phrase "peculiar people" in 1 Pet. 2:9, is" "derived from the Lat. peculium, and denotes, as rendered in the" "Revised Version ("a people for God's own possession"), a special" "posse ...

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Pedahel

"Redeemed of God, the son of Ammihud, a prince of Naphtali (Num." 34:28). ...

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Pedahzur

"Rock of redemption, the father of Gamaliel and prince of" Manasseh at the time of the Exodus (Num. 1:10; 2:20). ...

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Pedaiah

"Redemption of the Lord. (1.) The father of Zebudah, who was the" wife of Josiah and mother of king Jehoiakim (2 Kings 23:36). "(2.) The father of Zerubbabel (1 Chr. 3:17-19). "(3.). The father of Jo ...

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Pekah

"Open-eyed, the son of Remaliah a captain in the army of" "Pekahiah, king of Israel, whom he slew, with the aid of a band" "of Gileadites, and succeeded (B.C. 758) on the throne (2 Kings" 15:25). Sev ...

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Pekahiah

"The Lord opened his eyes, the son and successor of Menahem on" the throne of Israel. He was murdered in the royal palace of "Samaria by Pekah, one of the captains of his army (2 Kings" "15:23-26), a ...

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Pekod

Probably a place in Babylonia (Jer. 50:21; Ezek. 23:23). It is "the opinion, however, of some that this word signifies" "visitation, "punishment," and allegorically "designates" "Babylon as the city ...

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Pelaiah

Distinguished of the Lord. (1.) One of David's posterity (1 Chr. 3:24). "(2.) A Levite who expounded the law (Neh. 8:7). ...

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Pelatiah

Deliverance of the Lord. (1.) A son of Hananiah and grandson of Zerubbabel (1 Chr. 3:21). "(2.) A captain of "the sons of Simeon" (4:42). "(3.) Neh. 10:22. "(4.) One of the twenty-five princes of the ...

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Peleg

"Division, one of the sons of Eber; so called because "in his" "days was the earth divided" (Gen. 10:25). Possibly he may have" lived at the time of the dispersion from Babel. But more probably the r ...

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Pelet

Deliverance. (1.) A descendant of Judah (1 Chr. 2:47). "(2.) A Benjamite who joined David at Ziklag (1 Chr. 12:3). ...

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Peleth

Swiftness. (1.) A Reubenite whose son was one of the conspirators against Moses and Aaron (Num. 16:1). "(2.) One of the sons of Jonathan (1 Chr. 2:33). ...

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Pelethites

"Mentioned always along with the Cherethites, and only in the" "time of David. The word probably means "runners" or "couriers," "and may denote that while forming part of David's bodyguard," they wer ...

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Pelicans

Are frequently met with at the waters of Merom and the Sea of Galilee. The pelican is ranked among unclean birds (Lev. 11:18; "Deut. 14:17). It is of an enormous size, being about 6 feet" "long, with ...

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Penny

"(Gr. denarion), a silver coin of the value of about 7 1/2d. or" 8d. of our present money. It is thus rendered in the New "Testament, and is more frequently mentioned than any other coin" "(Matt. 18: ...

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Pentateuch

"The five-fold volume, consisting of the first five books of the" "Old Testament. This word does not occur in Scripture, nor is it" certainly known when the roll was thus divided into five "portions ...

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Pentecost

"I.e., "fiftieth", found only in the New Testament (Acts 2:1;" 20:16; 1 Cor. 16:8). The festival so named is first spoken of in "Ex. 23:16 as "the feast of harvest," and again in Ex. 34:22 as" the da ...

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Penuel

"Face of God, a place not far from Succoth, on the east of the" Jordan and north of the river Jabbok. It is also called "Peniel. Here Jacob wrestled (Gen. 32:24-32) "with a man" ("the" "angel", Hos. ...

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Peor

Opening. (1.) A mountain peak (Num. 23:28) to which Balak led Balaam as a last effort to induce him to pronounce a curse upon Israel. When he looked on the tribes encamped in the acacia "groves below ...

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Perazim Mount

"Mount of breaches, only in Isa. 28:21. It is the same as" "BAAL-PERAZIM (q.v.), where David gained a victory over the" Philistines (2 Sam. 5:20). ...

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Peres

"Divided, one of the mysterious words "written over against the" "candlestick upon the plaster of the wall" of king Belshazzar's" palace (Dan. 5:28). (See [466]MENE.) ...

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Perez

"=Pharez, (q.v.), breach, the son of Judah (Neh. 11:4). "The" "chief of all the captains of the host for the first month" in" the reign of David was taken from his family (1 Chr. 27:3). Four "hundred ...

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Perezuzzah

"The breach of Uzzah, a place where God "burst forth upon Uzzah," "so that he died," when he rashly "took hold" of the ark (2 Sam." 6:6-8). It was not far from Kirjath-jearim (q.v.). ...

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Perfection

See [467]SANCTIFICATION. ...

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Perfumes

"Were used in religious worship, and for personal and domestic" enjoyment (Ex. 30:35-37; Prov. 7:17; Cant. 3:6; Isa. 57:9); and "also in embalming the dead, and in other funeral ceremonies" (Mark 14: ...

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Perga

"The capital of Pamphylia, on the coast of Asia Minor. Paul and" his companions landed at this place from Cyprus on their first "missionary journey (Acts 13:13, 14), and here Mark forsook the" party ...

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Pergamos

"The chief city of Mysia, in Asia Minor. One of the "seven" "churches" was planted here (Rev. 1:11; 2:17). It was noted for" "its wickedness, insomuch that our Lord says "Satan's seat" was" there. Th ...

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Perida

"Kernel, Neh. 7:57. (See [468]PERUDA.)" ...

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Perizzites

"Villagers; dwellers in the open country, the Canaanitish nation" inhabiting the fertile regions south and south-west of Carmel. "They were the graziers, farmers, and peasants of the time." They were ...

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Persecution

The first great persecution for religious opinion of which we have any record was that which broke out against the worshippers "of God among the Jews in the days of Ahab, when that king, at" "the ins ...

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Perseverance of the saints

Their certain continuance in a state of grace. Once justified "and regenerated, the believer can neither totally nor finally" "fall away from grace, but will certainly persevere therein and" attain e ...

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Persia

"An ancient empire, extending from the Indus to Thrace, and from" the Caspian Sea to the Red Sea and the Persian Gulf. The "Persians were originally a Medic tribe which settled in Persia," "on the ea ...

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Persis

A female Christian at Rome whom Paul salutes (Rom. 16:12). She "is spoken of as "beloved," and as having "laboured much in the" "Lord." ...

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Peruda

One whose descendants returned with Zerubbabel (Ezra 2:55); called also Perida (Neh. 7:57). ...

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Peter

"Originally called Simon (=Simeon ,i.e., "hearing"), a very" common Jewish name in the New Testament. He was the son of Jona (Matt. 16:17). His mother is nowhere named in Scripture. He had "a younger ...

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Peter First Epistle of

"This epistle is addressed to "the strangers scattered abroad"," "i.e., to the Jews of the Dispersion (the Diaspora)." "Its object is to confirm its readers in the doctrines they had "been already ta ...

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Peter Second Epistle of

The question of the authenticity of this epistle has been much "discussed, but the weight of evidence is wholly in favour of its" claim to be the production of the apostle whose name it bears. It app ...

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Pethahiah

Loosed of the Lord. (1.) The chief of one of the priestly courses (the nineteenth) in the time of David (1 Chr. 24:16). (2.) A Levite (Ezra 10:23). (3.) Neh. 9:5. (4.) A descendant of Judah who had s ...

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Pethor

"Interpretation of dreams, identified with Pitru, on the west" "bank of the Euphrates, a few miles south of the Hittite capital" "of Carchemish (Num. 22:5, "which is by the river of the land of" "the ...

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Pethuel

"Vision of God, the father of Joel the prophet (Joel 1:1)." ...

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Petra

"Rock, Isa. 16:1, marg. (See [472]SELA.)" ...

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Peulthai

"Wages of the Lord, one of the sons of Obed-edom, a Levite porter" (1 Chr. 26:5). ...

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Phalec

"(Luke 3:35)=Peleg (q.v.), Gen. 11:16." ...

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Phallu

"Separated, the second son of Reuben (Gen. 46:9)." ...

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Phalti

"Deliverance of the Lord, the son of Laish of Gallim (1 Sam." "25:44)= Phaltiel (2 Sam. 3:15). Michal, David's wife, was given" to him. ...

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Phanuel

"Face of God, father of the prophetess Anna (q.v.), Luke 2:36." ...

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Pharaoh

The official title borne by the Egyptian kings down to the time when that country was conquered by the Greeks. (See [473]EGYPT.) "The name is a compound, as some think, of the words Ra, the" "sun or ...

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Pharaohs daughters

Three princesses are thus mentioned in Scripture: (1.) The "princess who adopted the infant Moses (q.v.), Ex. 2:10. She is" twice mentioned in the New Testament (Acts 7:21: Heb. 11:24). It would seem ...

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Pharez

"Breach, the elder of the twin sons of Judah (Gen. 38:29). From" "him the royal line of David sprang (Ruth 4:18-22). "The chief of" "all the captains of the host" was of the children of Perez (1" Chr ...

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Pharisees

"Separatists (Heb. persahin, from parash, "to separate"). They" "were probably the successors of the Assideans (i.e., the" "pious), a party that originated in the time of Antiochus" Epiphanes in revo ...

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Pharpar

"Swift, one of the rivers of Damascus (2 Kings 5:12). It has been" "identified with the `Awaj, "a small lively river." The whole of" "the district watered by the `Awaj is called the Wady el-`Ajam," " ...

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Phebe

"A "deaconess of the church at Cenchrea," the port of Corinth." She was probably the bearer of Paul's epistle to the Romans. "Paul commended her to the Christians at Rome; "for she hath" "been," says ...

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Phenice

"Properly Phoenix a palm-tree (as in the R.V.), a town with a" "harbour on the southern side of Crete (Acts 27:12), west of the" Fair Havens. It is now called Lutro. ...

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Phenicia

"(Acts 21:2) = Phenice (11:19; 15:3; R.V., Phoenicia), Gr." "phoinix, "a palm", the land of palm-trees; a strip of land of an" average breadth of about 20 miles along the shores of the "Mediterranean ...

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Phicol

"Great, the chief captain of the army of Abimelech, the" Philistine king of Gerar. He entered into an alliance with "Abraham with reference to a certain well which, from this" "circumstance, was call ...

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Philadelphia

"Brotherly love, a city of Lydia in Asia Minor, about 25 miles" "south-east of Sardis. It was the seat of one of the "seven" "churches" (Rev. 3:7-12). It came into the possession of the" Turks in A.D ...

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Philemon

"An inhabitant of Colosse, and apparently a person of some note" among the citizens (Col. 4:9; Philemon 1:2). He was brought to a knowledge of the gospel through the instrumentality of Paul "(19), an ...

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Philemon Epistle to

Was written from Rome at the same time as the epistles to the "Colossians and Ephesians, and was sent also by Onesimus. It was" addressed to Philemon and the members of his family. "It was written fo ...

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Philetus

"Amiable, with Hymenaeus, at Ephesus, said that the "resurrection" "was past already" (2 Tim. 2:17, 18). This was a Gnostic heresy" held by the Nicolaitanes. (See [480]ALEXANDER [4].) ...

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Philip

Lover of horses. (1.) One of the twelve apostles; a native of "Bethsaida, "the city of Andrew and Peter" (John 1:44). He" readily responded to the call of Jesus when first addressed to "him (43), and ...

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Philippi

"(1.) Formerly Crenides, "the fountain," the capital of the" "province of Macedonia. It stood near the head of the Sea, about" "8 miles north-west of Kavalla. It is now a ruined village," called Phil ...

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Philippians Epistle to

"Was written by Paul during the two years when he was "in bonds" "in Rome (Phil. 1:7-13), probably early in the year A.D. 62 or in" the end of 61. "The Philippians had sent Epaphroditus, their messen ...

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Philistia

"=Palestine (q.v.), "the land of the Philistines" (Ps. 60:8;" "87:4; 108:9). The word is supposed to mean "the land of" "wanderers" or "of strangers." ...

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Philistines

"(Gen. 10:14, R.V.; but in A.V., "Philistim"), a tribe allied to" the Phoenicians. They were a branch of the primitive race which spread over the whole district of the Lebanon and the valley of "the ...

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Phinehas

"Mouth of brass, or from old Egypt, the negro. (1.) Son of" "Eleazar, the high priest (Ex. 6:25). While yet a youth he" distinguished himself at Shittim by his zeal against the immorality into which ...

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Phlegon

"Burning, a Roman Christian to whom Paul sent salutations (Rom." 16:14). ...

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Phoenicia

(Acts 21:2). (See [485]PHENICIA.) ...

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Phrygia

"Dry, an irregular and ill-defined district in Asia Minor. It was" "divided into two parts, the Greater Phrygia on the south, and" the Lesser Phrygia on the west. It is the Greater Phrygia that is sp ...

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Phut

"Phut is placed between Egypt and Canaan in Gen. 10:6, and" elsewhere we find the people of Phut described as mercenaries in the armies of Egypt and Tyre (Jer. 46:9; Ezek. 30:5; 27:10). In a fragment ...

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Phygellus

"Fugitive, a Christian of Asia, who "turned away" from Paul" during his second imprisonment at Rome (2 Tim. 1:15). Nothing more is known of him. ...

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Phylacteries

"(Gr. phulakteria; i.e., "defences" or "protections"), called by" "modern Jews tephillin (i.e., "prayers") are mentioned only in" Matt. 23:5. They consisted of strips of parchment on which were inscr ...

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Physician

"Asa, afflicted with some bodily malady, "sought not to the Lord" "but to the physicians" (2 Chr. 16:12). The "physicians" were" "those who "practised heathen arts of magic, disavowing" "recognized m ...

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Pibeseth

"(Ezek. 30:17), supposed to mean. "a cat," or a deity in the form" "of a cat, worshipped by the Egyptians. It was called by the" "Greeks Bubastis. The hieroglyphic name is "Pe-bast", i.e., the" "hous ...

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Pieces

"(1) of silver. In Ps. 68:30 denotes "fragments," and not" "properly money. In 1 Sam. 2:36 (Heb. agorah), properly a "small" "sum" as wages, weighed rather than coined. Josh. 24:32 (Heb." "kesitah, q ...

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Piety

"Lat. pietas, properly honour and respect toward parents (1 Tim." "5:4). In Acts 17:23 the Greek verb is rendered "ye worship," as" applicable to God. ...

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Pigeon

"Pigeons are mentioned as among the offerings which, by divine" "appointment, Abram presented unto the Lord (Gen. 15:9). They" were afterwards enumerated among the sin-offerings (Lev. 1:14; "12:6), a ...

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Pihahiroth

"Place where the reeds grow (LXX. and Copt. read "farmstead")," the name of a place in Egypt where the children of Israel "encamped (Ex. 14:2, 9), how long is uncertain. Some have" "identified it wit ...

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Pilate Pontius

"Probably connected with the Roman family of the Pontii, and" "called "Pilate" from the Latin pileatus, i.e., "wearing the" "pileus", which was the "cap or badge of a manumitted slave," as" "indicati ...

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Pillar

"Used to support a building (Judg. 16:26, 29); as a trophy or" "memorial (Gen. 28:18; 35:20; Ex. 24:4; 1 Sam. 15:12, A.V.," "place, more correctly "monument," or "trophy of victory," as" "in 2 Sam. 1 ...

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Pine tree

"Heb. tidhar, mentioned along with the fir-tree in Isa. 41:19;" 60:13. This is probably the cypress; or it may be the "stone-pine, which is common on the northern slopes of Lebanon." "Some suppose th ...

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Pinnacle

"A little wing, (Matt. 4:5; Luke 4:9). On the southern side of" the temple court was a range of porches or cloisters forming three arcades. At the south-eastern corner the roof of this cloister was s ...

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Pipe

(1 Sam. 10:5; 1 Kings 1:40; Isa. 5:12; 30:29). The Hebrew word "halil, so rendered, means "bored through," and is the name given" "to various kinds of wind instruments, as the fife, flute," "Pan-pipe ...

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Piram

"Like a wild ass, a king of Jarmuth, a royal city of the" "Canaanites, who was conquered and put to death by Joshua (10:3," "23, 26)." ...

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Pirathon

"Prince, or summit, a place "in the land of Ephraim" (Judg." "12:15), now Fer'on, some 10 miles south-west of Shechem. This" was the home of Abdon the judge. ...

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Pirathonite

"(1.) Abdon, the son of Hillel, so called, Judg. 12:13, 15." "(2.) Benaiah the Ephraimite (2 Sam. 23:30), one of David's thirty heroes. ...

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Pisgah

"A part, a mountain summit in the land of Moab, in the territory" "of Reuben, where Balak offered up sacrifices (Num. 21:20;" "23:14), and from which Moses viewed the promised land (Deut." 3:27). It ...

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Pisidia

"A district in Asia Minor, to the north of Pamphylia. The Taurus" "range of mountains extends through it. Antioch, one of its chief" "cities, was twice visited by Paul (Acts 13:14; 14:21-24)." ...

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Pison

"Babylonian, the current, broad-flowing, one of the "four heads" into which the river which watered the garden of Eden was "divided (Gen. 2:11). Some identify it with the modern Phasis," "others with ...

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Pit

"A hole in the ground (Ex. 21:33, 34), a cistern for water (Gen." "37:24; Jer. 14:3), a vault (41:9), a grave (Ps. 30:3). It is" "used as a figure for mischief (Ps. 9:15), and is the name given" "to ...

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Pitch

"(Gen. 6:14), asphalt or bitumen in its soft state, called" "slime (Gen. 11:3; 14:10; Ex. 2:3), found in pits near the Dead" "Sea (q.v.). It was used for various purposes, as the coating of" the outs ...

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Pitcher

A vessel for containing liquids. In the East pitchers were usually carried on the head or shoulders (Gen. 24:15-20; Judg. "7:16, 19; Mark 14:13)." ...

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Pithom

"Egyptian, Pa-Tum, "house of Tum," the sun-god, one of the" treasure cities built for Pharaoh Rameses II. by the Israelites (Ex. 1:11). It was probably the Patumos of the Greek historian Herodotus. I ...

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Plague

"A "stroke" of affliction, or disease. Sent as a divine" chastisement (Num. 11:33; 14:37; 16:46-49; 2 Sam. 24:21). "Painful afflictions or diseases, (Lev. 13:3, 5, 30; 1 Kings" "8:37), or severe cala ...

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Plain

"(1.) Heb. `abel (Judg. 11:33), a "grassy plain" or "meadow." "Instead of "plains of the vineyards," as in the Authorized" "Version, the Revised Version has "Abel-cheramim" (q.v.), comp." Judg. 11:22 ...

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Plain of Mamre

"(Gen. 13:18; 14:13; R.V., "oaks of Mamre;" marg., "terebinths")." (See [495]MAMRE; [496]TEIL-TREE.) ...

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Plane tree

"Heb. `armon (Gen. 30:37; Ezek. 31:8), rendered "chesnut" in the" "Authorized Version, but correctly "plane tree" in the Revised" "Version and the LXX. This tree is frequently found in Palestine," bo ...

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Pledge

See [498]LOAN. ...

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Pleiades

"Heb. kimah, "a cluster" (Job 9:9; 38:31; Amos 5:8, A.V., "seven" "stars;" R.V., "Pleiades"), a name given to the cluster of stars" seen in the shoulder of the constellation Taurus. ...

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Plough

"First referred to in Gen. 45:6, where the Authorized Version has" "earing, but the Revised Version "ploughing;" next in Ex. 34:21" "and Deut. 21:4. The plough was originally drawn by oxen, but" some ...

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Poetry

"Has been well defined as "the measured language of emotion." Hebrew poetry deals almost exclusively with the great question "of man's relation to God. "Guilt, condemnation, punishment," "pardon, red ...

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Poison

"(1.) Heb. hemah, "heat," the poison of certain venomous reptiles" "(Deut. 32:24, 33; Job 6:4; Ps. 58:4), causing inflammation." "(2.) Heb. rosh, "a head," a poisonous plant (Deut. 29:18), "growing l ...

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Pomegranate

"I.e., "grained apple" (pomum granatum), Heb. rimmon. Common in" Egypt (Num. 20:5) and Palestine (13:23; Deut. 8:8). The Romans "called it Punicum malum, i.e., Carthaginian apple, because they" recei ...

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Pommels

"(2 Chr. 4:12, 13), or bowls (1 Kings 7:41), were balls or" rounded knobs on the top of the chapiters (q.v.). ...

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Pontius Pilate

See [500]PILATE. ...

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Pontus

"A province of Asia Minor, stretching along the southern coast of" "the Euxine Sea, corresponding nearly to the modern province of" Trebizond. In the time of the apostles it was a Roman province. Str ...

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Pool

"A pond, or reservoir, for holding water (Heb. berekhah; modern" "Arabic, birket), an artificial cistern or tank. Mention is made" of the pool of Gibeon (2 Sam. 2:13); the pool of Hebron (4:12); the ...

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Pools of Solomon

"The name given to three large open cisterns at Etam, at the head" "of the Wady Urtas, having an average length of 400 feet by 220" "in breadth, and 20 to 30 in depth. These pools derive their" "chie ...

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Poor

The Mosaic legislation regarding the poor is specially important. (1.) They had the right of gleaning the fields (Lev. "19:9, 10; Deut. 24:19, 21)." "(2.) In the sabbatical year they were to have the ...

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Poplar

"Heb. libneh, "white", (Gen. 30:37; Hos. 4:13), in all" probability the storax tree (Styrax officinalis) or white "poplar, distinguished by its white blossoms and pale leaves. It" is common in the An ...

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Porch Solomons

"A colonnade on the east of the temple, so called from a" tradition that it was a relic of Solomon's temple left standing after the destruction of Jerusalem by the Babylonians. (Comp. 1 "Kings 7:6.) ...

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Porcius Festus

See [502]FESTUS. ...

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Porter

A gate-keeper (2 Sam. 18:26; 2 Kings 7:10; 1 Chr. 9:21; 2 Chr. "8:14). Of the Levites, 4,000 were appointed as porters by David" "(1 Chr. 23:5), who were arranged according to their families" (26:1-1 ...

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Post

"(1.) A runner, or courier, for the rapid transmission of" "letters, etc. (2 Chr. 30:6; Esther 3:13, 15; 8:10, 14; Job 9:25;" Jer. 51:31). Such messengers were used from very early times. Those emplo ...

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Potiphar

"Dedicated to Ra; i.e., to the sun-god, the Egyptian to whom the" "Ishmaelites sold Joseph (Gen. 39:1). He was "captain of the" "guard", i.e., chief, probably, of the state police, who, while" "they ...

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Potipherah

"A priest of On, whose daughter Asenath became Joseph's wife" (Gen. 41:45). ...

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Potsherd

"A "shred", i.e., anything severed, as a fragment of earthenware" (Job 2:8; Prov. 26:23; Isa. 45:9). ...

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Pottage

"Heb. nazid, "boiled", a dish of boiled food, as of lentils (Gen." 25:29; 2 Kings 4:38). ...

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Potters field

The name given to the piece of ground which was afterwards bought with the money that had been given to Judas. It was "called the "field of blood" (Matt. 27:7-10). Tradition places it" in the valley ...

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Pottery

"The art of, was early practised among all nations. Various" materials seem to have been employed by the potter. Earthenware is mentioned in connection with the history of Melchizedek (Gen. "14:18), ...

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Pound

"(1.) A weight. Heb. maneh, equal to 100 shekels (1 Kings 10:17;" "Ezra 2:69; Neh. 7:71, 72). Gr. litra, equal to about 12 oz." avoirdupois (John 12:3; 19:39). "(2.) A sum of money; the Gr. mna or mi ...

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Praetorium

The Greek word (praitorion) thus rendered in Mark 15:16 is "rendered "common hall" (Matt. 27:27, marg., "governor's house")," "judgment hall, (John 18:28, 33, marg., "Pilate's house", 19:9;" "Acts 23 ...

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Prayer

"Is converse with God; the intercourse of the soul with God, not" "in contemplation or meditation, but in direct address to him." "Prayer may be oral or mental, occasional or constant," "ejaculatory ...

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Predestination

This word is properly used only with reference to God's plan or "purpose of salvation. The Greek word rendered "predestinate" is" "found only in these six passages, Acts 4:28; Rom. 8:29, 30; 1" "Cor. ...

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Presidents

"Three presidents are mentioned, of whom Daniel was the first" "(Dan. 6:2-7). The name in the original is sarkhin, probably a" Persian word meaning perfects or ministers. ...

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Priest

"The Heb. kohen, Gr. hierus, Lat. sacerdos, always denote one who" offers sacrifices. "At first every man was his own priest, and presented his own sacrifices before God. Afterwards that office devol ...

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Prince

The title generally applied to the chief men of the state. The princes of the provinces (1 Kings 20:14) were the governors or "lord-lieutenants of the provinces. So also the "princes" "mentioned in D ...

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Priscilla

"The wife of Aquila (Acts 18:2), who is never mentioned without" her. Her name sometimes takes the precedence of his (Rom. 16:3; 2 Tim. 4:19). She took part with Aquila (q.v.) in insturcting Apollos ...

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Prison

The first occasion on which we read of a prison is in the "history of Joseph in Egypt. Then Potiphar, "Joseph's master," "took him, and put him into the prison, a place where the king's" "prisoners w ...

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Prophecy

"Or prediction, was one of the functions of the prophet. It has" "been defined as a "miracle of knowledge, a declaration or" "description or representation of something future, beyond the" "power of ...

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Prophet

"(Heb. nabi, from a root meaning "to bubble forth, as from a" "fountain," hence "to utter", comp. Ps. 45:1). This Hebrew word" is the first and the most generally used for a prophet. In the "time of ...

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Propitiation

"That by which God is rendered propitious, i.e., by which it" becomes consistent with his character and government to pardon and bless the sinner. The propitiation does not procure his love or make h ...

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Proportion of faith

(Rom. 12:6). Paul says here that each one was to exercise his "gift of prophecy, i.e., of teaching, "according to the" "proportion of faith." The meaning is, that the utterances of the" prophet were ...

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Proselyte

"Is used in the LXX. for "stranger" (1 Chr. 22:2), i.e., a comer" "to Palestine; a sojourner in the land (Ex. 12:48; 20:10; 22:21)," and in the New Testament for a convert to Judaism. There were such ...

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Proverb

A trite maxim; a similitude; a parable. The Hebrew word thus rendered (mashal) has a wide signification. It comes from a root "meaning "to be like," "parable." Rendered "proverb" in Isa." "14:4; Hab. ...

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Proverbs Book of

A collection of moral and philosophical maxims of a wide range of subjects presented in a poetic form. This book sets forth the philosophy of practical life. It is the sign to us that the Bible does ...

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Providence

"Literally means foresight, but is generally used to denote God's" preserving and governing all things by means of second causes (Ps. 18:35; 63:8; Acts 17:28; Col. 1:17; Heb. 1:3). God's providence e ...

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Psalms

"The psalms are the production of various authors. "Only a" portion of the Book of Psalms claims David as its author. Other inspired poets in successive generations added now one now "another contrib ...

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Psaltery

"A musical instrument, supposed to have been a kind of lyre, or a" "harp with twelve strings. The Hebrew word nebhel, so rendered," "is translated "viol" in Isa. 5:12 (R.V., "lute"); 14:11. In Dan." ...

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Ptolemais

A maritime city of Galilee (Acts 21:7). It was originally called "Accho (q.v.), and received the name Ptolemais from Ptolemy" Soter when he was in possession of Coele-Syria. ...

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Puah

"Splendid. (1.) One of the two midwives who feared God, and" refused to kill the Hebrew male children at their birth (Ex. 1:15-21). "(2.) A descendant of Issachar (Judg. 10:1). ...

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Publican

"One who farmed the taxes (e.g., Zacchaeus, Luke 19:2) to be" "levied from a town or district, and thus undertook to pay to the" supreme government a certain amount. In order to collect the "taxes, t ...

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Publius

"the chief man of the island of Malta (Acts 28:7), who" courteously entertained Paul and his shipwrecked companions for "three days, till they found a more permanent place of residence;" "for they re ...

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Pudens

"Bashful, a Christian at Rome, who sent his greetings to Timothy" (2 Tim. 4:21). (See [511]CLAUDIA.) ...

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Pul

(1.) An Assyrian king. It has been a question whether he was "identical with Tiglath-pileser III. (q.v.), or was his" predecessor. The weight of evidence is certainly in favour of their identity. Pul ...

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Pulpit

(Neh. 8:4). (See [512]EZRA.) ...

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Pulse

"(Dan. 1:12, 16), R.V. "herbs," vegetable food in general." ...

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Punishment

The New Testament lays down the general principles of good "government, but contains no code of laws for the punishment of" offenders. Punishment proceeds on the principle that there is an "eternal d ...

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Pur Purim

"A lot, lots, a festival instituted by the Jews (Esther 9:24-32)" in ironical commemoration of Haman's consultation of the Pur (a "Persian word), for the purpose of ascertaining the auspicious" day f ...

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Purification

"The process by which a person unclean, according to the" "Levitical law, and thereby cut off from the sanctuary and the" "festivals, was restored to the enjoyment of all these" privileges. "The grea ...

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Purse

"(1.) Gr. balantion, a bag (Luke 10:4; 22:35, 36)." "(2.) Gr. zone, properly a girdle (Matt. 10:9; Mark 6:8), a money-belt. As to our Lord's sending forth his disciples without "money in their purses ...

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Put Phut

(1.) One of the sons of Ham (Gen. 10:6). "(2.) A land or people from among whom came a portion of the "mercenary troops of Egypt, Jer. 46:9 (A.V., "Libyans," but" "correctly, R.V., "Put"); Ezek. 27:1 ...

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Puteoli

"A city on the coast of Campania, on the north shore of a bay" "running north from the Bay of Naples, at which Paul landed on" "his way to Rome, from which it was distant 170 miles. Here he" "tarried ...

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Pygarg

"Heb. dishon, "springing", (Deut. 14:5), one of the animals" permitted for food. It is supposed to be the Antelope addax. It "is described as "a large animal, over 3 1/2 feet high at the" "shoulder, ...

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