“Grace to you, and peace, from God our Father and the Lord Jesus Christ.”
King James Version (KJV)
1:1 This single epistle infinitely transcends all the wisdom of the world. And it gives us a specimen how Christians ought to treat of secular affairs from higher principles. Paul a prisoner of Christ - To whom, as such, Philemon could deny nothing. And Timotheus - This was written before the second epistle to Timothy, #Phm 22|.
1:2 To Apphia - His wife, to whom also the business in part belonged. And the church in thy house - The Christians who meet there.
1:5 Hearing - Probably from Onesimus.
Phm 1:3 Grace. The benediction of grace would remind him of God's mercy. See PNT "Ro 1:7".